A study on the bolt modeling with pre-load for field application

When fastening a structure with a bolt, an axial force is generated by the tightening torque of them. This axial force acts as a friction force by the friction coefficient of the fastening part, and becomes a factor that directly affects the deformation of the fastening part. For this reason, there have been many studies on how to make the bolt models for applying preload and users are using various methods. What is common is the construction and evaluation of bolt models with preload requires a lot of working by user. So this study was conducted because it was necessary to easy and exact method for with preload bolt models.