Trailing edge failure analysis of a friction pad in a clutch using thermal fluid structure interaction with LS-DYNA® ICFD solver

A Clutch is a mechanical link used to transmit torque from engine to transmission and typically rotates at very high RPMs. The clutches continuously engage with friction pads to transmit power for motion and only disengage when a gear ratio change is required. During this process of engaging and disengaging the clutch goes from stationary to moving instantaneously. A combination of friction pads and disks are used to transmit the power. There is a significant increase in temperature due to friction between the pads and plate at transition and during rotation. This temperature increase leads to thermal expansion of parts and can cause uneven shape changes. The deformation leads to increase in frictional energy and eventual rise in heat generation. Friction and temperature along with pressure applied during the high rpm rotation leads to high probability of failure at the leading edge of the pads. Uneven distribution of heat can cause failure in the friction pads. To alleviate the effect of temperature, lubricating oil is injected via channels in the friction pad.